Hello, ok this my field 
First off bolting the door after the horse has bolted in never the best way, be prepared and always expect that you will have such issue not if.
First thing is make a clone of good working install, once a month is good, if you have skills partition hard drive so user data and OS applications are on different partition this can keep clone size smaller as only need to clone OS installed programs partition, also means you can restore OS patition and not overwrite user data.
There are a number of cloning apps out there
Ghost - pay
Clonezilla - free
Reflect - free and paid - win only but will clone live system
plus more
Make sure you backup your data regular.
Install anti virus, malware and firewall
Recommend
Anti virus
AVG free
Kaspersky - good and have free online scanner
Malware
Malwarebytes - malware
spywareblaster - prevention
There are number of others but start with these and as always prevention is better.
Firewall
Online-Amor
Also get or create a Bart-PE disk which is a live win boot disk, you can create your own or find one on of the bittorent share sites.
There are also a number of linux based rescue disks as well that can used for windows.
Another very good app is spinritewhich is disk recover, refurbishment app. Have recovered many a failing disk to point where data can be retrieved. Also keeps disk in health state.
If you get system that fails to boot this often related to missing or corrupt files such as ntoskrn.exe that can be copied over from an install disk or working system using Bart-PE disk or via rescue console of install disk.
If you don’t have an install disk, common, then download a win rescue disk or create your own.Good if you have an manufacture version of windows.
You can download win rescue disks for vista and win 7 here
Always back up, back up and back up a bit more.
Avoid downloading any security, AV software unless you have done your research on it to check it is genuine as there are many fake ones out there.
Paranoia is good when it comes to the Internet.
Use firefox browser
If all this fails install Linux, recommend Kubuntu for newbies. I support windows but use linux 