The Chemicals of Love and Delirium, Book Report Part II
Helen Fisher’s overriding theory in her book Why We Love is that “Lust evolved to motivate individuals to seek sexual union with almost any semi-appropriate partner. Romantic love emerged to drive men and women to focus their mating attention on a preferred individual, thereby conserving invaluable courtship time and energy.”
She claims several chemicals are to blame for the countless shenanigans we endure in the name of love. These chemicals are triggered automatically in the brain, and we have very little control over them. In fact, they exert significant control over us! I’m talking about Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and Serotonin. And they are all tied to the waxing and waning of Testosterone.
We’re All a Bunch of Crackheads
Together, the following chemicals produce many of the giddy highs we all love about love, such as feeling breathless and carefree and going without food or sleep just to be near the object of our affections.
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Testosterone: First things first. Our fun and games all revolve around testosterone. Men and women produce it. But in women, it is buffered and softened by estrogen. This is the hormone that actually drives your sex drive. (One reason a middle aged woman requires more sex is that, due to her reduced estrogen levels, she is finally able to feel the effects of her testosterone more fully.)
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Dopamine–In new love, your brain floods with Dopamine, the reward chemical triggered by heroin and cocaine. Dopamine not only increases your sex drive, it releases Testosterone, which further increases your sex drive–and increases Dopamine. Common symptoms of increased Dopamine are euphoria, extremely focused attention, and motivation.
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Norepinephrine–(Nor EPP in EFF rin) Norepinephrine is another stimulant that triggers testosterone. It is similar in structure to speed and crystal meth. It is a vital part of the lover’s high. Fisher says it “can generally produce exhilaration, excessive energy, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite.” It can increase your memory for fine detail. (Norepinephrine is also associated with lordosis. Lordosis is when a female mammal assumes the mating position. Hee hee hee.)
Testosterone encourages you to have sex and it increases Dopamine and Norepinephrine levels. And guess what else? Dopamine and Norepinephrine increase Testosterone. So mix Dopamine (pleasure) with Norepiniephrine (mania) and keep pumping the Testosterone (physical drive) and you’ve got yourself a self perpetuating high that’d be the envy of nearly any junkie. You’d think it would never end!
Question: So should we really be allowed to operate heavy machinery while in love?
Settling Down With Snugglebutt
So what happens? Why don’t we all just quit our jobs and turn into crazy bonobo apes? You already know the answer. What happened to all your relationships after about 6-18 months? You stopped caring whether dude or babe walked in on you while you were flossing your teeth and you started calling him or her Snugglebutt. In other words, comfort set in.
This change in relationship status is triggered by chemicals. A natural event occurs to tip the seesaw. Dopamine and Norepinephrine were on top. But now they drop and Serotonin rises. Testosterone also decreases. The chemicals that initiate this change are Oxytocin and Vassopressin. It is known as bonding, and it actually starts to happen during sex!
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Oxytocin–The primary female attachment chemical is Oxytocin, but both sexes produce it with similar results. Oxytocin increases for females during sexual stimulation and orgasm. It has a very cuddly effect. Too much Oxytocin can decrease the effect of Dopamine and Norepinephrine.
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**Vasopressin–**Vasopressin is not as well documented as Oxytocin. It seems to be primarily a male attachment chemical, also produced by women. It increases for males at orgasm, and makes them feel cuddly.
When Oxytocin and Vasopressin suppress Dopamine and Norepinephrine, Serotonin has a chance to make its comeback. This also lowers testosterone, which starts everything on a new non-sexual self-perpetuating chemical cycle. (Fisher even states that when a man holds a baby in his arms, his level of Testosterone decreases.)
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Serotonin–Serotonin is a well-known comforting chemical that makes you feel cozy and at peace. It helps regulate the emotions and even the vomit reflex. Too little Serotonin can generate obsessive thinking, even OCD at an extreme. So it is possible that the symptoms of a low Serotonin level (due to elevated Dopamine and Norepinephrine) could be yet another cause of lover’s delirium and mania.
Gimme Back My Mojo Feeling!
So how do you keep that crazy lust delirium alive or bring it back? If you’re committed to one person, the prospect of never feeling that magic ever again is miserable! This can provoke dissatisfaction, divorce, and even affairs. In fact, Fisher suggests that we are able, naturally, to feel attachment for one person and lust for another–simultaneously. The chemicals do not have to stay consistent. So say you have an affair. Your Dopamine soars around one person and your Serotonin zooms up around another. Talk about stressful! We’re talking practically bipolar!
Well, to keep from falling too far into bonding and attachment, you could try running from the room right after you orgasm, and staying away from babies. You could also try exercising and initiating new activities with your partner to increase your Dopamine levels. Try scaring the hell out of him or her every now and then. (Oh, and I’d personally recommend that you not call your lover Snugglebutt.)
If you or your partner is on an SSRI you could consider replacing it with Welbutrin instead because it is known to raise Dopamine and Norepinephrine while suppressing Serotonin.
Pheromones…As Always, Superior
But if you like non-prescription shortcuts, pheromones are incredible. For instance, we women have a pheromone available to us that is known to increase Testosterone in men: copulins. (Perhaps Dirty would be a good mix for more men to consider as well.) We ladies already picked up on exactly how to use it–intuitively! How brilliant are we?
We can also modulate the use of bonding and comfort mixes by switching in strong sexual mixes on a regular basis. That way we keep our targets guessing, preventing them from getting too accustomed to any particular pheromone signature.
…I may write up a part III. I’d like to really consider which pheromones trigger which chemical reactions. This will be difficult because there is only limited data available. But I would love to understand it better.